Ambush at Westbury Plantation, South Carolina Campaign

British light companies (red coats) and Ferguson's Rifles (green coats) chase off one of the American militia units. The intense firefight at the crossroads can be seen in the background, in the clouds of smoke from the musketry. All figures are from Fife & Drum Miniatures and the log cabins are from In The Grand Manner buildings.

Click on all pictures to enlarge.

Monday evening I played a solo wargame featuring the ambush of Lord Rawdon's supply column by Francis Marion's parrtisans. The game lasted 9 Turns before I decided that a reasonable conclusion was reached. Marion's partisans achieved their objective of reducing the British force from 4SPs (strength points) to 3SPs or less.

British Forces - Lord Rawdon commanding
2 regiments of British regulars
1 regiment of Loyalists
1 composite unit of light infantry

Patriot Forces - Francis Marion commanding
1 regiment of Marion's Mounted Militia (3rd)
3 regiments of militia

Objectives
The Patriots need to destroy at least one strength point (SP) of British/Loyalist troops. Extra points for capturing any of the supply wagons in the British wagon train.

Brtish objective is to escort their wagon train across the table and off the table edge.

The side that achieves its objective first wins the game.

Table Top Terrain and Ground Rules

The game was played on a 12ft by 6ft table, running the long axis (length) of the table. There are two roads that criss-cross in an "X" pattern on the table. Any part of the table that is neither a road nor surrounded by snake rail fencing is considered to be in the woods. The wooded areas restrict movement to half speed for formed troops and three-quarters speed for unformed troops. Wagons must always stay on the road.

The ambusher (in this case the Patriot army) gets to select where he will position his hidden forces. These are denoted on the bottom side of a poker chip and placed on the table. To provide some uncertainty, the ambusher may also place some blank chips on the table that contain no units. The column commander (the British in this case) does not know if there are hostiles under the various chips. His troops must move up to within 6-inches of the poker chip in order to sight potential ambushers and spring the ambush trap.

Rules
I used my own "Fife & Drum Rules for the AWI" which you can download for free from the Fife and Drum Miniatures webstore site.

Free Fife & Drum rules


Scenario Location

Lord Rawdon is marching a force of 4SPs from Charleston, SC to the British stronghold at Camden. On the previous turn, Rawdon's force marched from Charleston to Nelson's Ferry. On this turn, Rawdon intended to march from Nelson's Ferry to Camden. Brigadier Francis Marion's partisans (3SPs) intercepted and ambushed the British column. Dice rolls added one more unit of militia to Marion's army, thus giving both sides 4SPs (although the British troops were of higher quality). To compensate for the British advantage in quality, I gave all Patriot militia rifles to give them extended range with their firearms.

Map of South Carolina illustrating the location of the action at the Westbury Plantation,
on the road between Nelson's Ferry and the British fortified depot at Camden.
Click or double click the map to enlarge the view.

The historical map of the area is from the James Cook Map of South Carolina in 1773. The locations of Westbury Plantation and Camden are annotated with red arrows.

After Action Game Report

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The British column of march on the road to Camden. Green Loyalist regiment in the lead followed by the 5th Regiment. Light troops cover the front and flanks of the column

Another view of the British column. Westbury Plantation is represented by the white clapboard buildings in the background. A more common backcountry log cabin farmstead is in the foreground.

Ferguson's Rifles light infantry lead the column towards the Westbury Crossroads.

All appears quiet at the Westbury Crossroads.
(the gold poker chips represent potential ambush sites)

The first ambush at the Westbury Crossroads

British light company (in red) springs the first ambush of the game. The militia fire on the British column after they are discovered.

Firing erupts on both flanks of the column!
Note the roadblock of felled trees across the road leading off to the right.

The first militia unit that started the whole shebang takes a lot of casualties and routs down the road and into the safety of the woods. Routed units get two attempts to try to rally. If they fail then the unit is removed from the game.

The threat on the left has been driven off, so the Loyalist regiment faces to its left to fire at the second militia unit on the righthand side of this picture.

Lord Rawdon reorganizes his column and places the 5th Foot at the head of the column, replacing the Loyalists who have taken a lot of casualties and are now a very fragile regiment. Leaving them at the head of the column would be risky as they are more likely to fail morale and run away.

The second ambush

The ambush at the Westbury Crossroads was quickly driven off. The Rebels on the left side routed after taking six casualties from the 5th Regiment and light companies, while the rebels at the road barricade on the right did a "fire and retire" move and they sauntered back towards Westbury Plantation. This regiment would eventually circle around the British column so that it could attack the rear of the column... but that happens much later.

The column moved on with the 5th Regiment replacing the Loyalist Regiment at the head of the column. Ferguson's Riflemen cover the front and flanks of the column to detect any more rebels. They encounter a barricade of felled trees in the roadway. Rawdon suspects that another ambush is in the offing (do you think?)

The Patriots block the road with felled trees. It takes a full turn stationed in front of the barrier to remove the logs.

The riflemen inspect some rifle pits off to the left. These have been abandoned and would have provided perfect cover for another ambush at the barricade. All seems well when suddenly another militia unit, on the hillside on the right, pops up and fires into the flank of the 5th Regiment. Both the 5th Regiment and the Loyalist Regiment turn and form line facing the new threat.

Light troops spot more militia on top of the hill, springing the second ambush at the road block.

The Rebels fire and fall back, allowing the wagon train to continue down the road, passing the crossroads.

Suddenly, Marion's mounted militia, now dismounted, emerge from the woods to fire into the rear of the Loyalist and 5th Regiments. They pull off a "fire and retire" move so that the British have no targets when they attempt to fire back at the threat.

Overhead view of the second ambush as it developed. The 5th Regiment had just cleared the road barrier when firing erupted from the top of the hill. Both the 5th and the Loyalists turned to their right, into line, and faced the new threat from atop the hill. Facing such a large collection of muskets, the rebels wisely retired from the crest of the hill.

 The third ambush

The British column continued on down the Camden road when they came across yet another blockade of felled trees in the road. Expecting another ambush, Rawdon sent the Ferguson Rifles ahead of the column to clear the trees from the road. While this work was going on, musket fire suddenly was heard towards the back of the column!

Ferguson's Riflemen clear the logs from the road. The 5th Regiment awaits behind and light companies delve into the woods to detect any rebels laying in ambush.

A few pot shots at the Loyalists scores one more casualty hit on the regiment. It takes its morale test and fails, routing to the rear and right into the 4th Regiment that was bringing up the rear of the column. This caused the 4th Regiment to automatically go into Shaken (similar to Disordered) status.

The Loyalist regiment routs - it had taken lots of casualties earlier in the game and its morale was already on the edge of shaky, so one more casualty caused the Loyalists to rout, running smack dab into the the 4th Regiment which was bringing up the rear of the column.

The Loyalists had another attempt to rally and they failed, so they continued to rout and ran right into the welcoming arms of the rebel mounted militia. The Loyalists had no choice but to surrender or get a little taste of Tarleton's Quarter. They chose wisely and surrendered.

The stalwart veterans of the British 4th Regiment quickly recover and hurry on down the Camden road so that they can catch up with the rest of the column. They jeer at the Loyalist regiment which they watch running away. Marion's mounted militia (currently dismounted) can be seen next to the log cabins at the intersection.

The game had gone nine turns up to the point where the Loyalist Regiment routed and surrendered. Since this achieved the victory condition of the Patriots, Francis Marion decided that there was no more profit to continuing the fight, so he ordered his army to retire back into the woods and let the remaining British forces march away to Camden.


Conclusion

This was a fun little scenario that was easy to play and only took a couple of hours to finish - all this was done as a solo game so it would have concluded much faster with two players in the game moving and firing their troops.

The British had 4SPs of troops and this took up a lot of space in the road column. Therefore, I gave the British three units of infantry and exchanged the fourth unit for a collection of light troops. The light troops are more flexible in what they can do, take up less space on the table, and are well-needed for a game that has wooded terrain. 

The Patriot army started the game with a campaign strength of 3SPs. On each turn, prior to a battle, dice are rolled to determine whether or not the local militia takes to arms and comes to the aid of the Patriot army. In this case, one home militia regiment was added to Francis Marion's army, so both sides started the game with 4SPs.

One militia regiment routed off the table early in the game and was removed from the game. This happens when a unit fails on two rally attempts. After that, it is just assumed that nothing is going to bring them back if they haven't rallied after two attempts.

The ambush at Westbury Plantation was an American victory. A small victory, but a victory none the less. It will help the Americans in the overall campaign because it reduced the total number of British SPs in South Carolina by 1 SP.